Liberia KYC, KYB & AML compliance checklist
Une checklist pratique et sourcée pour mettre en œuvre les exigences KYC, KYB et AML en Liberia.
- Dernière revue
- Dernière revue:
- Version
- Version 1.0
Réponse directe
Que couvre la checklist de conformité pour Liberia ?
La checklist pour Liberia traduit les principales règles KYC, KYB et AML en 11 domaines de contrôle et 33 contrôles d’implémentation, avec les autorités, obligations de déclaration et preuves à conserver.
Faits réglementaires clés
- FIU
- Financial Intelligence Agency of Liberia (FIA)
- Primary AML law
- AML/CFT, Preventive Measures and Proceeds of Crime Act 2021
- Suspicion reporting
- As soon as possible; no later than 3 days
- Thresholds
- Instrument and sector specific; no single universal amount
- Core AML retention
- Minimum 7 years
- FATF status
- Not named on FATF public lists as at 19 June 2026
Détail d’implémentation
Exigences et actions de conformité pour Liberia
Ouvrez chaque domaine pour consulter l’exigence, l’action recommandée, les preuves à conserver et la source primaire utilisée.
01Scope, authorities, and licensingResolve the reporting entity, regulated activity and supervisor before launch.3 éléments+
Determine whether each activity is a reporting entity activity.
- Action d’implémentation
- Map every entity, product, channel, agent and profession to the financial-institution, DNFBP, trustee, fintech or VASP categories under the 2021 Act and applicable instruments; identify the FIA and each sector supervisor.
- Preuves à conserver
- Applicability memo, product map and accountable-owner register.
- Source primaire
- AML/CFT Act 2021, sections 15.1.4 and 15.3.27-15.3.28
Complete current FIA onboarding and reporting setup.
- Action d’implémentation
- Obtain the current FIA registration, goAML enrolment, form and secure-submission instructions; validate user roles, access, receipts and escalation contacts without assuming an unpublished route.
- Preuves à conserver
- Registration, access approval, channel test and contact log.
- Source primaire
- AML/CFT Act 2021, sections 15.3.20-15.3.21 and 15.5.1; FIA reporting-entity materials
Obtain authorisation before regulated activity.
- Action d’implémentation
- Classify banking, insurance, payments, e-money, remittance, foreign exchange, microfinance, agent, credit, fintech and virtual-asset activities and obtain every required approval before launch.
- Preuves à conserver
- Perimeter analysis, authority correspondence and licence register.
- Source primaire
- AML/CFT Act 2021, sections 15.1.4 and 15.3.27-15.3.28; applicable CBL and sector instruments
02Governance and risk assessmentControls must be risk-based, documented, resourced and independently tested.3 éléments+
Maintain a written ML/TF risk assessment.
- Action d’implémentation
- Assess customers, products, delivery channels, geography, cash, agents, technology, virtual assets and proliferation exposure; update the assessment and apply enhanced measures where risk is higher.
- Preuves à conserver
- Approved methodology, assessment, controls and version history.
- Source primaire
- AML/CFT Act 2021, sections 15.3.1 and 15.3.10
Maintain senior compliance ownership and written controls.
- Action d’implémentation
- Appoint an appropriately senior compliance officer and maintain CDD, monitoring, reporting, records, confidentiality, employee-screening, training and group controls proportionate to the business.
- Preuves à conserver
- Appointment, policies, training, screening and board reporting.
- Source primaire
- AML/CFT Act 2021, sections 15.3.12-15.3.13
Independently test the programme.
- Action d’implémentation
- Use an adequately resourced independent audit function to test design and operation, document deficiencies and track remediation through closure.
- Preuves à conserver
- Audit plan, reports, findings and closure evidence.
- Source primaire
- AML/CFT Act 2021, section 15.3.12; CBL AML/CFT Risk Management Guideline
03Natural-person identificationCDD uses reliable independent evidence and continues through the relationship.3 éléments+
Identify and verify the customer and representative.
- Action d’implémentation
- Use reliable independent documents, data or information; collect the statutory natural-person particulars and verify any representative's identity and authority.
- Preuves à conserver
- Identity file, source provenance, mandate and verification result.
- Source primaire
- AML/CFT Act 2021, section 15.3.2(2)-(3)
Understand purpose and expected activity.
- Action d’implémentation
- Record the purpose and intended nature of the relationship, expected activity, counterparties, geography and source information sufficient for risk rating and monitoring.
- Preuves à conserver
- Customer profile, expected-activity baseline and approval.
- Source primaire
- AML/CFT Act 2021, sections 15.3.2(3)(a)(iv) and 15.3.3
Do not proceed where mandatory CDD fails.
- Action d’implémentation
- Refrain from opening, commencing or executing, or terminate the relationship, where required identity, beneficial ownership or other CDD cannot be completed; consider a confidential STR.
- Preuves à conserver
- Decline or exit decision, investigation and restricted reporting record.
- Source primaire
- AML/CFT Act 2021, section 15.3.6
04KYB, registries, and beneficial ownershipCDD control analysis and registry disclosure use related but distinct tests.3 éléments+
Verify legal existence, governance and authority.
- Action d’implémentation
- Obtain current Liberia Business Registry evidence, governing records, registered and principal addresses, directors, senior managers, shareholders, signatories, licences and mandates; reconcile inconsistencies.
- Preuves à conserver
- Registry extract, constitutional records, powers and discrepancy log.
- Source primaire
- AML/CFT Act 2021, section 15.3.2(3)(a)(ii)-(iii)
Apply the statutory CDD beneficial-owner cascade.
- Action d’implémentation
- Identify natural persons above the applicable prescribed ownership or voting threshold, then persons exercising ultimate effective control by other means, and use senior managing officials only when no person is identified through the first two limbs; apply trust tests separately.
- Preuves à conserver
- Ownership chart, control analysis, verified identities and fallback rationale.
- Source primaire
- AML/CFT Act 2021, section 15.3.2(3)(a)(v)-(vi)
Apply company-register thresholds and deadlines separately.
- Action d’implémentation
- For a domestic entity, test direct or indirect 5% ownership or voting rights, the 1% domestic-PEP ownership test, foreign-PEP and non-ownership control tests, and the 15% benefit test; file at formation, maintain an internal register and submit reportable information or changes within 21 business days.
- Preuves à conserver
- BO register, threshold analysis, declaration, receipt and change log.
- Source primaire
- Beneficial Ownership Disclosure Regulation 2023, sections 2.1-2.3
05PEPs, EDD, and remote onboardingPEPs and higher-risk, non-resident or remote relationships require enhanced controls.4 éléments+
Detect PEP exposure.
- Action d’implémentation
- Use appropriate risk-management systems to identify foreign, domestic and international-organisation PEP exposure in customers and beneficial owners, including relevant family and close-associate relationships.
- Preuves à conserver
- Screening, relationship map, match decision and refresh log.
- Source primaire
- AML/CFT Act 2021, section 15.3.7; FIA PEP Regulation 2019
Apply enhanced approval, provenance and monitoring.
- Action d’implémentation
- For foreign PEPs obtain senior approval, establish source of wealth and funds and conduct enhanced ongoing monitoring; apply those measures to domestic and international-organisation PEPs where higher risk.
- Preuves à conserver
- Approval, provenance analysis and monitoring plan.
- Source primaire
- AML/CFT Act 2021, section 15.3.7
Apply current financial-institution non-resident controls.
- Action d’implémentation
- For financial institutions, implement Directive CBL/FIA/001/2025, including valid residency and legal-person documentation, the US$5,000 occasional-transaction CDD trigger and only the directive's conditional low-risk verification deferral; do not generalise these rules to every sector.
- Preuves à conserver
- Residency evidence, threshold tests, deferral approval and completion log.
- Source primaire
- Directive CBL/FIA/001/2025, signed 16 February 2026
Control remote and biometric onboarding.
- Action d’implémentation
- Assess impersonation, device, liveness, data-minimisation, security and non-face-to-face ML/TF risks before deployment; use contractual, security and consent controls supported by current applicable law.
- Preuves à conserver
- Remote-onboarding assessment, data review, tests and approvals.
- Source primaire
- AML/CFT Act 2021, sections 15.3.1 and 15.3.10; applicable communications, consumer and constitutional rules
06Monitoring and suspicious reportingFIA reporting must be prompt, complete and confidential.3 éléments+
Monitor activity against the customer profile.
- Action d’implémentation
- Scrutinise transactions throughout the relationship for consistency with customer, business, risk and source information; examine complex, unusual or unexplained activity and document conclusions.
- Preuves à conserver
- Alerts, investigation, disposition and rule governance.
- Source primaire
- AML/CFT Act 2021, sections 15.3.3-15.3.4
Report suspicion and attempts promptly.
- Action d’implémentation
- Submit the STR to the FIA as soon as possible and no later than 3 days after the reporting trigger; include attempted, cancelled or retracted transactions and rejected onboarding where the statutory suspicion condition is met.
- Preuves à conserver
- Decision chronology, STR, supporting material, receipt and supplements.
- Source primaire
- AML/CFT Act 2021, section 15.3.20
Prevent tipping off and protect reporter identity.
- Action d’implémentation
- Restrict access and do not disclose filing, contemplated filing, FIA analysis or protected reporter information to the customer or unauthorised persons.
- Preuves à conserver
- Access logs, confidentiality procedure and training.
- Source primaire
- AML/CFT Act 2021, sections 15.3.22 and 15.3.24
07Payments, wires, thresholds, and agentsAmounts and reports are scoped by operative instruments rather than a universal threshold.3 éléments+
Configure only verified CTR and CDD thresholds.
- Action d’implémentation
- Submit a CTR within 3 working days only when a transaction meets the amount prescribed by the applicable current regulation; separately apply the financial-institution US$5,000 occasional-transaction CDD trigger and verify all other sector amounts before configuration.
- Preuves à conserver
- Legal mapping, configuration, test cases, filings and receipts.
- Source primaire
- AML/CFT Act 2021, section 15.3.21; Directive CBL/FIA/001/2025
Preserve required wire-transfer information.
- Action d’implémentation
- Carry accurate originator and beneficiary information at the designated threshold, retain accompanying information and use risk-based rules to execute, reject or suspend incomplete cross-border transfers; verify the current CBL threshold before relying on older amounts.
- Preuves à conserver
- Message samples, threshold authority, validation rules and exceptions.
- Source primaire
- AML/CFT Act 2021, section 15.3.11
Retain accountability for agents and third parties.
- Action d’implémentation
- Verify permissions, conduct due diligence, contract for confidentiality, security and prompt record access, and retain ultimate responsibility for relied-on CDD and agent activity.
- Preuves à conserver
- Due diligence, contract, monitoring and retrieval test.
- Source primaire
- AML/CFT Act 2021, sections 15.3.9 and 15.3.12; CBL agent and payment instruments
08Targeted financial sanctionsUse current UN and national designations under Liberia's statutory process.3 éléments+
Screen applicable designations promptly.
- Action d’implémentation
- Obtain current UN and communicated national lists and screen customers, beneficial owners, controllers, representatives and relevant transactions at onboarding, list updates and before execution.
- Preuves à conserver
- List inventory, update logs, screening configuration and dispositions.
- Source primaire
- Targeted Financial Sanctions Act 2017; TFS Regulation FIU/OR4A-TFS/10/2019
Freeze covered funds and assets without delay.
- Action d’implémentation
- On a confirmed designation, freeze covered funds, property and economic resources without prior notice, prevent prohibited availability and follow the current FIA communication and reporting process.
- Preuves à conserver
- Freeze procedure, timestamps, legal basis, report and authority communication.
- Source primaire
- Targeted Financial Sanctions Act 2017; TFS Regulation FIU/OR4A-TFS/10/2019
Govern false positives, exceptions and release.
- Action d’implémentation
- Escalate potential matches through the current FIA and competent-authority process; permit access, exemption, unfreezing or delisting only on documented lawful authority.
- Preuves à conserver
- Match rationale, reports, authority instruction and reconciliation.
- Source primaire
- Targeted Financial Sanctions Act 2017; TFS Regulation FIU/OR4A-TFS/10/2019
09Records and regulator accessRecords must reconstruct the customer, transaction, ownership and decision.3 éléments+
Retain core AML records for at least seven years.
- Action d’implémentation
- Keep CDD, beneficial ownership, analysis, correspondence, domestic and foreign transaction, attempted-transaction and risk-assessment records for at least 7 years after relationship termination or from the relevant transaction or attempt, and longer where prescribed.
- Preuves à conserver
- Schedule, configuration, archive sample and legal-hold log.
- Source primaire
- AML/CFT Act 2021, section 15.3.16(1)-(5)
Retain FIA reporting records for seven years.
- Action d’implémentation
- Keep STR, CTR and attempted-suspicious-transaction reports for 7 years under restricted access and preserve filing evidence and supplements.
- Preuves à conserver
- Restricted report archive, receipt, access log and retrieval test.
- Source primaire
- AML/CFT Act 2021, section 15.3.16(6)
Respond securely to competent requests.
- Action d’implémentation
- Authenticate requests, protect reporter and STR confidentiality, produce reconstructable records promptly and log scope, timing and receipt.
- Preuves à conserver
- Request, approval, production index and acknowledgement.
- Source primaire
- AML/CFT Act 2021, sections 15.3.16, 15.3.24 and 15.3.28
10Privacy, biometrics, and transfersLiberia's comprehensive privacy bill was not enacted at the review date; apply current sectoral and constitutional duties without presenting the draft as law.3 éléments+
Map the current basis and purpose for identity data.
- Action d’implémentation
- Document statutory AML purposes, notices, data categories, access, sharing and retention; assess current constitutional, communications, consumer, employment and sector rules for each processing activity.
- Preuves à conserver
- Data inventory, legal assessment, notices and retention map.
- Source primaire
- AML/CFT Act 2021, sections 15.3.16 and 15.5.1; Liberia Data Governance Policy 2026
Protect identity and reporting data.
- Action d’implémentation
- Apply proportionate technical and organisational safeguards, least-privilege access, incident handling and written processor or agent controls, with additional protection for STR and reporter information.
- Preuves à conserver
- Risk assessment, contracts, security tests and incident records.
- Source primaire
- AML/CFT Act 2021, sections 15.3.22 and 15.3.24; applicable sector rules
Control biometrics and cross-border access conservatively.
- Action d’implémentation
- Before biometric use or overseas access, document necessity, proportionality, security, consent where legally appropriate, vendor controls, data location and applicable foreign-transfer constraints; recheck enactment of the draft privacy law before launch.
- Preuves à conserver
- Biometric assessment, transfer analysis, contract and approval.
- Source primaire
- Liberia Data Governance Policy 2026; applicable constitutional, communications and sector rules
11Practical evidence packsMaintain concise packs that reproduce decisions and support supervision.2 éléments+
Maintain a reconstructable onboarding pack.
- Action d’implémentation
- Bundle identity, KYB, beneficial ownership, screening, risk, approvals, data records and exceptions under stable identifiers.
- Preuves à conserver
- Complete sampled onboarding pack.
- Source primaire
- Operational control supporting AML/CFT Act 2021, sections 15.3.2-15.3.16
Maintain a reconstructable monitoring and reporting pack.
- Action d’implémentation
- Link transactions, alerts, analysis, approvals, FIA reports, receipts and post-filing controls while protecting confidentiality.
- Preuves à conserver
- Complete sampled case pack and access log.
- Source primaire
- Operational control supporting AML/CFT Act 2021, sections 15.3.16 and 15.3.20-15.3.24
Registre des sources primaires
12 sources utilisées pour cette checklist
Utilisez ces liens pour vérifier la législation, les lignes directrices, les procédures de déclaration et les statuts internationaux.
- Anti-Money Laundering, Terrorist Financing, Preventive Measures and Proceeds of Crime Act 2021Financial Intelligence Agency of Liberia · Primary national legislation
- AML/CFT laws and regulations libraryFinancial Intelligence Agency of Liberia · Official legal materials
- Beneficial Ownership Disclosure Regulation for Domestic Entities 2023Government of Liberia / Financial Intelligence Agency · Primary company regulation
- Directive on Additional CDD Measures for Financial Institutions CBL/FIA/001/2025Financial Intelligence Agency and Central Bank of Liberia · Official joint directive - signed February 2026
- CBL AML/CFT Risk Management Guideline for Financial InstitutionsCentral Bank of Liberia · Official supervisory guideline
- Central Bank of Liberia regulations libraryCentral Bank of Liberia · Official licensing and sector regulations
- Targeted Financial Sanctions Act 2017Government of Liberia / Financial Intelligence Agency · Primary national legislation
- Targeted Financial Sanctions Regulations 2019Government of Liberia / Financial Intelligence Agency · Primary national regulation
- Liberia second-round mutual evaluation report, June 2023Financial Intelligence Agency / GIABA · Authoritative country assessment
- Liberia Data Governance Policy 2026Government of Liberia, Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications · Official draft-policy catalogue - policy confirms privacy bill not enacted
- FATF high-risk and monitored jurisdictionsFATF · Authoritative current status
- United Nations Security Council consolidated sanctions listUnited Nations · Authoritative sanctions list
Réponses directes
Questions KYC, KYB et AML pour Liberia
Who receives suspicious transaction reports?+
The Financial Intelligence Agency of Liberia, using the current FIA-prescribed secure method and form.
When is suspicion reported?+
As soon as possible and no later than 3 days. The 2021 Act also covers attempted, cancelled or retracted suspicious transactions and certain rejected onboarding.
Is there one universal threshold?+
No. CTR amounts must be prescribed by applicable regulation, and sector instruments differ. The US$5,000 occasional-transaction CDD trigger in the February 2026 directive is specifically for financial institutions.
How is beneficial ownership determined?+
AML CDD follows a prescribed ownership threshold, control by other means and senior-management fallback. Separately, the 2023 registry regulation includes 5% ownership or voting tests, a 1% domestic-PEP ownership test and other control or benefit tests.
How long are AML records retained?+
The 2021 Act requires at least 7 years for core CDD, transaction, attempted-transaction, analysis and risk records, and 7 years for STR and CTR reports, with longer retention where prescribed.
Does Liberia have an enacted comprehensive privacy law?+
The official 2026 Data Governance Policy states that the Personal Data Protection and Privacy bill had not yet been enacted. Apply current sectoral and constitutional requirements and recheck the position before launch.
Is Liberia on a FATF public list?+
It was not named on FATF's high-risk or increased-monitoring lists current at 19 June 2026, but remains in GIABA enhanced follow-up.
Can a payment, fintech or virtual-asset product launch without approval?+
No. Classify the activity and obtain every applicable Central Bank or other competent-authority permission before launch.
Méthode de recherche et de revue
VOVE ID Compliance Research cartographie le périmètre réglementaire, traduit les obligations en contrôles opérationnels, relie les affirmations importantes aux sources et date chaque revue.
General regulatory information, not legal advice or a licence determination. Reviewed as applicable on 30 August 2026. Confirm current FIA registration, goAML filing specifications, prescribed CTR amounts, sector thresholds, sanctions communications, business-registry forms, privacy requirements and product-specific permissions with the competent authority and qualified Liberian counsel before launch.